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Curativos multifuncionais impulsionados por nanoenzimas: avançando além da catálise semelhante à enzima no tratamento de feridas crônicas

  • role： Contribute equally, First author同等贡献者, 第一作者
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Si-Jie Zhang12,  
  • role： Contribute equally同等贡献者
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Ran Xu12,  
  • role： Contribute equally同等贡献者
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China

Shao-Bin He13,  
  • Affiliation：

    Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China

Rong Sun4,  
  • Affiliation：

    Shenyang Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Theranostic Probes in School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China

Guan-Nan Wang5,  
  • Affiliation：

    Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China

Shu-Yi Wei6,  
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

    Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China

Xi-Yun Yan127,  
  • role： Corresponding author通信作者
  • Affiliation：

    CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

    College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

    Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China

  • Email：fankelong@ibp.ac.cn
  • Introduction：* Ke-Long Fan fankelong@ibp.ac.cn
Ke-Long Fan127*

Resumo

O tratamento de feridas crônicas apresenta desafios significativos devido à necessidade de acelerar a cicatrização em microambientes complexos caracterizados por inflamação persistente e desequilíbrios bioquímicos. Fatores como infecções bacterianas, hiperglicemia e estresse oxidativo perturbam as funções celulares e prejudicam a angiogênese, retardando substancialmente a reparação da ferida. Nanoenzimas, que são materiais em escala nanométrica projetados com atividades semelhantes às enzimas, oferecem vantagens distintas em relação às enzimas convencionais e nanomateriais tradicionais, tornando-os candidatos promissores para o tratamento de feridas crônicas. Para aprimorar seu potencial clínico, sistemas catalíticos baseados em nanoenzimas estão sendo otimizados através de avanços na formulação e estudos pré-clínicos que avaliam sua biocompatibilidade, atividade antioxidante, eficácia antibacteriana e capacidade de reparo tecidual, garantindo sua segurança e aplicabilidade clínica. Quando integrados em curativos multifuncionais, as nanoenzimas modulam os níveis de espécies reativas de oxigênio, promovem a regeneração tecidual e combatem simultaneamente infecções e danos oxidativos, indo além da catálise semelhante à enzima convencional no tratamento de feridas crônicas. As arquiteturas personalizáveis das nanoenzimas permitem aplicações terapêuticas precisas, aumentando sua eficácia no manejo de condições complexas de feridas. Esta revisão oferece uma análise abrangente da incorporação de nanoenzimas em curativos, detalhando métodos de fabricação e enfatizando seu potencial transformador no manejo de feridas crônicas. Ao identificar e abordar limitações-chave, introduzimos avanços estratégicos para impulsionar o desenvolvimento de curativos baseados em nanoenzimas, abrindo caminho para tratamentos de próxima geração para feridas crônicas.

Palavras-chave

Nanoenzima; Atividades semelhantes a enzimas; Regulação de espécies reativas de oxigênio; Terapia para feridas crônicas; Curativo multifuncional

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