Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep

Zara Raza; Syeda F. Hussain; Suzanne Ftouni; Gershon Spitz; Nick Caplin; Russell G. Foster; Renata S. M. Gomes

doi:10.1186/s40779-021-00346-z

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Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep

REVIEW | Updated：2023-02-28

- Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep
- Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep
- 解放军医学杂志（英文版） 2022年9卷第3期页码：351-364
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Research and Innovation, Blind Veterans UK, 12-14 Harcourt Street, London W1H 4HD, UK
  2.BRAVO VICTOR, Research, 12-14 Harcourt Street, London W1H 4HD, UK
  3.Circadian Therapeutics, Oxford OX1 1BY, UK
  4.School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
  5.Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RF, UK
  6.Northern Hub for Veterans and Military Families Research, Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE7 7XA, UK
- Author bio：
  
  * renata.gomes@bravovictor.org.uk
- Funds：
  
  in kind of donation in the form of author’s time from Blind Veterans UK, the University of Oxford, Circadian Therapeutics and Monash University
- DOI：10.1186/s40779-021-00346-z
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2022-06
- Accepted：
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Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep[J]. 解放军医学杂志（英文版）, 2022,9(3):351-364.

Raza et al.: Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep. Mil Med Res, 2021, 8: 55.
Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep[J]. 解放军医学杂志（英文版）, 2022,9(3):351-364. DOI： 10.1186/s40779-021-00346-z.

Raza et al.: Dementia in military and veteran populations: a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, and sleep. Mil Med Res, 2021, 8: 55. DOI： 10.1186/s40779-021-00346-z.

摘要

Abstract

The military population face a unique set of risk factors that may increase the risk of being diagnosed with dementia. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a higher prevalence in this group in comparison to the civilian population. By delving into the individual relationships between TBI and dementia

and PTSD and dementia

we are able to better explore dementia in the military and veteran populations. While there are some inconsistencies in results

the TBI-dementia association has become more widely accepted. Moderate-to-severe TBI has been found to increase the risk of being diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. A correlation between PTSD and dementia has been established

however

whether or not it is a causal relationship remains unclear. Factors such as blast

combat and chemical exposure may occur during a deployment

along with TBI and/or PTSD diagnosis

and can impact the risk of dementia. However

there is a lack of literature exploring the direct effects of deployment on dementia risk. Sleep problems have been observed to occur in those following TBI

PTSD and deployment. Poor sleep has been associated with possible dementia risk. Although limited studies have focused on the link between sleep and dementia in military and veteran populations

sleep is a valuable factor to study due to its association and interconnection with other military/veteran factors. This review aims to inform of various risk factors to the cognitive health of military members and veterans: TBI

PTSD

deployment

and sleep.

关键词

Keywords

references

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