Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment
Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment
- 解放军医学杂志（英文版） 2021年8卷第3期 页码：405-423
- Affiliations：
1.Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, 17 Antares Place, Rosedale, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
2.School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago 9016, New Zealand
- Author bio：
* Edward.Ashworth@aut.ac.nz
- Funds：Review writing was supported by a Vice-Chancellors Doctoral Scholarship obtained by EA(17968962)
DOI：10.1186/s40779-020-00287-z
中图分类号：-
纸质出版：2021-09
- Accepted：
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Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment[J]. 解放军医学杂志（英文版）, 2021,8(3):405-423.
Ashworth et al.: Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment. Mil Med Res, 2020, 7: 58.
Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment[J]. 解放军医学杂志（英文版）, 2021,8(3):405-423. DOI： 10.1186/s40779-020-00287-z.
Ashworth et al.: Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment. Mil Med Res, 2020, 7: 58. DOI： 10.1186/s40779-020-00287-z.
摘要
Abstract
Acute exposure to heat
such as that experienced by people arriving into a hotter or more humid environment
can compromise physical and cognitive performance as well as health. In military contexts heat stress is exacerbated by the combination of protective clothing
carried loads
and unique activity profiles
making them susceptible to heat illnesses. As the operational environment is dynamic and unpredictable
strategies to minimize the effects of heat should be planned and conducted prior to deployment. This review explores how heat acclimation (HA) prior to deployment may attenuate the effects of heat by initiating physiological and behavioural adaptations to more efficiently and effectively protect thermal homeostasis
thereby improving performance and reducing heat illness risk. HA usually requires access to heat chamber facilities and takes weeks to conduct
which can often make it impractical and infeasible
especially if there are other training requirements and expectations. Recent research in athletic populations has produced protocols that are more feasible and accessible by reducing the time taken to induce adaptations
as well as exploring new methods such as passive HA. These protocols use shorter HA periods or minimise additional training requirements respectively
while still invoking key physiological adaptations
such as lowered core temperature
reduced heart rate and increased sweat rate at a given intensity. For deployments of special units at short notice (< 1 day) it might be optimal to use heat re-acclimation to maintain an elevated baseline of heat tolerance for long periods in anticipation of such an event. Methods practical for military groups are yet to be fully understood
therefore further investigation into the effectiveness of HA methods is required to establish the most effective and feasible approach to implement them within military groups.
关键词
Keywords
references
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