The mortality rate of primary liver cancer （PLC） was 20.40 per 100000 Chinese per year

taking the second placeamong all forms of cancer. Surgery remains the modality of primary choice in the treatment of PLC. of the 2051 PLC patientstreated by liver resection from 1960 to 1993

1930 （94.1%） were hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in which the incidence of cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 86.5%. of all the cases

25.1 percent were small PLC （≤5 cm in diameter） in which 176 caseswere tumors ≤3 cm in diameter. All the 2 051 patientS received liver resection and ac of them （44. 1%） had radical local resection. The overall mortality rate within one month after operation was 1.1%; the overall 5-year survival rate was 36.1%. Improved surgical result was obtained in 515 patients with small PLC （≤5cm in diameter）. No operative death occurred in thescoup and the 5-year survival rate was 79.8%. Moreover

the patients with very small PLC（≤3 cm in diameter） prolonged theirslaval

the 5-year survival rate being 85.3%. Early diagnosis and early resection of PLC are the key points for improving long-term results. Improvement on operative techniques plays an important fore in reducing post-operative complications

lowering Operative mortality and obwining better operative results. Rehepatectomy for recurrent liver cancer can improve the surgical results.Ninety-five patients who underwent rehepatectomy had a 5-year survival rate of 53.2% and 25.0% aller the first and the secondoperation respectively

of whom one survived 18 years. For unresectable large tumors

two-stage resection can be used. We collected 659 cases of large unresectable tumors from 1974 to 1994. Among them

73 cases were resected by two-stage operation

theresection rate being 11.1%

and the 5-year survival rate being 61.5%. Postoperative comprehensive treatment is also importantfor upregulating cellular immunological function

preventing tumor recurrence

and improving surgical results.