Objective:To obtain high purity of human fetal olfactory bulb ensheathing cells （OB-hOECs） in vitro and to develop a simple and effective method for primary culture of OB-hOECs. Methods: OB-hOECs were cultured based on the differential rates of attachment of the various harvested cell types. Then the method was combined with arabinoside cytosine （Ara-C）inhibition

serum-free starvation or intermittent neurotrophin 3 （NT3） nutrition method to observe cell states in different cultural environments. The purity of OB-hOECs was assessed with immunocytochemical analysis. Results: OB-hOECs appeared bipolar and tripolar shape

with slender processes forming network. The purity of OECs reached 88% with the selective attachment method on day 6

and then fibroblast proliferated quickly and reduced the purity. When combined with the starvation method

the purity of OECs was 91% on day 6 and 86% on day 9

however

OECs were in a poor state. While combined with the NT3 method

the purity reached 95% on day 9 and 83% on day 12

respectively. The cells still remained in a good state. Conclusion: A combination of selective attachment and intermittent NT3 nutrition is an effective method to obtain OECs with higher purity and quality.