Objective:The Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials（CONSORT） statement has already proved to be an efficient standard for reporting quality of randomized controlled trials（RCTs）.However

most of the Chinese medical journals have not endorsed the CONSORT statement.The current situation about the reporting quality of RCTs in Chinese medical journals is still unclear.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reporting quality of RCTs on papers published in 5 leading Chinese medical journals.Methods:We evaluated 232 original RCT papers using a reporting quality scale based on CONSORT statement from 2001 to 2006 in 5 Chinese medical journals（Journal type 1） without adoption of CONSORT and Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine（Journal type 2） which adopted CONSORT in 2004.We measured the inclusion of 26 items for the reporting quality scale and 6 core items of each RCT report

gave score to each item and calculated the total score obtained in each report and the proportion of reports including individual items.The reporting quality of RCT trials from 2001 to 2003（pre-adoption period） was compared with that from 2004 to 2006（post-adoption period）.Results:The average reporting quality of RCTs was moderate（mean score

15.18）

and the mean score of the 6 core items was low（mean score

1.09） in 5 leading journals.The difference in the total score and the score of the 6 core items between pre-adoption period（2001-2003） and post-adoption period（2004-2006） was statistically significant（P=0.003;P=0.000）.Interaction between journal type and period was not significant（F=0.76;P=0.383）.We concluded that the change tendency of reporting quality between Journal type 1 and 2 was not different.But as to the core items of sequence concealment and intention-to-treat analysis

the increases were greater for Journal type 2 when evaluated against Journal type 1（P=0.038;P=0.016）.Conclusion:The reporting quality of RCT trials in 5 leading Chinese medical journals is improving.However

the lack of important items in RCT trials remains a serious problem.We recommend the endorsement of the Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials statement in Chinese medical journals and the continuing education on evidence-based medicine in China.