<正>Microglial activation plays an important role in a panel of neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis（MS） and Parkinson’s disease（PD）

and is a key target for developing therapeutic strategies for these diseases.Ketogenic diet （KD）

which is able to inhibit microglial activation in substantia nigra pars compacta of mice

has been shown effective in a mouse model of PD

possibly through increasing D-β-hydroxybutyrate（D-β-HB）

a major component of ketone bodies.To verify this

we developed an in vitro model of microglia activation with a microglia line

BV-2

and investigated how D-β-HB have an effect on the LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells.We found D-β-HB is able to recover the cell viability

and inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines such as ROS

nitrite

IL-1β

TNF-α

and IL-6

which otherwise were increased in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells.We conclude that the LPS induced BV-2 cells activation is a valid in vitro model of microglia activation.D-β-HB is able to suppress the activation of BV-2 cells

which might account for one of the possible reasons of KD therapy on the PD model.