Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis

Niamh M Foley; Jian Wang; H Paul Redmond; Jiang-Huai Wang

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Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis

REVIEW | Updated：2022-12-27

- Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis
- Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis
- MMR 2014年1卷第4期页码：217-228
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Academic Surgery, University College Cork, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
  2.Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
- Author bio：
  
  *: jh.wang@ucc.ie
- Funds：
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2014-12
- Accepted：
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Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis[J]. MMR, 2014,1(4):217-228.

Foley et al.: Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis. Mil Med Res 2014
Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis[J]. MMR, 2014,1(4):217-228. DOI：

Foley et al.: Current knowledge and future directions of TLR and NOD signaling in sepsis. Mil Med Res 2014 DOI：

摘要

Abstract

The incidence of sepsis is increasing over time

along with an increased risk of dying from the condition. Sepsis care costs billions annually in the United States. Death from sepsis is understood to be a complex process

driven by a lack of normal immune homeostatic functions and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines

which leads to multi-organ failure. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family

one of whose members was initially discovered in Drosophila

performs an important role in the recognition of microbial pathogens. These pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

upon sensing invading microorganisms

activate intracellular signal transduction pathways. NOD signaling is also involved in the recognition of bacteria and acts synergistically with the TLR family in initiating an efficient immune response for the eradication of invading microbial pathogens. TLRs and NOD1/NOD2 respond to different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Modulation of both TLR and NOD signaling is an area of research that has prompted much excitement and debate as a therapeutic strategy in the management of sepsis. Molecules targeting TLR and NOD signaling pathways exist but regrettably thus far none have proven efficacy from clinical trials.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Exosomal mediators in sepsis and inflammatory organ injury: unraveling the role of exosomes in intercellular crosstalk and organ dysfunction

The "cytokine storm" in infection and sepsis:win the battle but lose the war

Sepsis in burns: lessons learned, challenges remain

Cell-free DNA in sepsis: from molecular insights to clinical management

The emerging role of ferroptosis in the pathological development and progression of sepsis