1.Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China

2.Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience ICU, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100032, China

3.Depart-ment of Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing 100016, China

4.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, School of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

5.IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy

6.Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 0QQ, UK

7.Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China

8.Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA

9.Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 611731, China

10.Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China

11.Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China

12.Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China

13.Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration, Tianjin 300380, China

14.School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China