Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment

Edward Tom Ashworth; James David Cotter; Andrew Edward Kilding

doi:10.1186/s40779-020-00287-z

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Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment

REVIEW | Updated：2023-02-28

- Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment
- Military Medical Research Vol. 8, Issue 3, Pages: 405-423(2021)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, 17 Antares Place, Rosedale, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
  2.School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago 9016, New Zealand
- Author bio：
  
  * Edward.Ashworth@aut.ac.nz
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1186/s40779-020-00287-z
  CLC：
- Published：2021-09
- Accepted：
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Ashworth et al.: Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment. Mil Med Res, 2020, 7: 58.
DOI：

Ashworth et al.: Methods for improving thermal tolerance in military personnel prior to deployment. Mil Med Res, 2020, 7: 58. DOI： 10.1186/s40779-020-00287-z.

摘要

Abstract

Acute exposure to heat

such as that experienced by people arriving into a hotter or more humid environment

can compromise physical and cognitive performance as well as health. In military contexts heat stress is exacerbated by the combination of protective clothing

carried loads

and unique activity profiles

making them susceptible to heat illnesses. As the operational environment is dynamic and unpredictable

strategies to minimize the effects of heat should be planned and conducted prior to deployment. This review explores how heat acclimation (HA) prior to deployment may attenuate the effects of heat by initiating physiological and behavioural adaptations to more efficiently and effectively protect thermal homeostasis

thereby improving performance and reducing heat illness risk. HA usually requires access to heat chamber facilities and takes weeks to conduct

which can often make it impractical and infeasible

especially if there are other training requirements and expectations. Recent research in athletic populations has produced protocols that are more feasible and accessible by reducing the time taken to induce adaptations

as well as exploring new methods such as passive HA. These protocols use shorter HA periods or minimise additional training requirements respectively

while still invoking key physiological adaptations

such as lowered core temperature

reduced heart rate and increased sweat rate at a given intensity. For deployments of special units at short notice (< 1 day) it might be optimal to use heat re-acclimation to maintain an elevated baseline of heat tolerance for long periods in anticipation of such an event. Methods practical for military groups are yet to be fully understood

therefore further investigation into the effectiveness of HA methods is required to establish the most effective and feasible approach to implement them within military groups.

关键词

Keywords

references

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