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The contents of intralymphocytic cyclic nucleotide（cAMP and cGMP）and cal-cium ions(Ca

++

)were determined in 20 patients with refractory congestive heart failure be-fore and after the treatment of Chinese-made amrinone

and their cardiac index was alsomcasured with the thermodilution technique.It was found that the cAMP andCa

++

contents were markedly elevated while the cardiac index increased under amrinonctreatment

and that both the cAMP and Ca

c

ontents were in positive correlation withthe cardiac index before and after amrinone administration.It is suggested that amrinone is likcly to exert its positive inotropic effect on themyocardium through augmenting the cAMP and Ca

++

contents in myocardial cells

andthat the determination of intralymphocytic cyclic nuclcotidc and Ca

++

might bc of signifi-canoe to assess the impairment of cardiac function and the cfficacy of a thcrapcuticagent.